statements are used for managing data within the
schema objects
Examples as below
1.SELECT-retrieve data from the database
2.INSERT-insert data into a table
3.UPDATE-updates existing data within a table
4.DELETE-deletes all records from a table, the space for the records remain
5.MERGE-Upsert operation it will include both insert and update
6.CALL-call a PL/SQL or java subprogram
7.EXPLAIN PLAN-explain access path to data
8.LOCK TABLE-Control concurrency.